Git revisions cheatsheet

Example	Description
`git log` `master...develop`	inspect differences in branches
`git rebase -i` `HEAD~3`	rebase last 3 commits
`git reset --hard` `HEAD@{2}`	undo last operation that changed HEAD
`git checkout` `v2^{}`	checkout the `v2` tag (not `v2` branch)

The 3rd argument in each of these commands is a gitrevision. These gitrevisions can be passed to many Git commands.

Reference	Description
`git show` `dae68e1`	sha1
`git show` `HEAD`	reference
`git show` `v1.0.0`	tag
`git show` `master`	local branch
`git show` `origin/master`	remote branch
`git show` `master~2`	2 commits back from master
`git show` `master..fix`	reachable from fix but not master
`git show` `master...fix`	reachable from fix and master, but not both

These are just the common ones, there's a lot more below! (These work in many other commands, not just git show.)

Reference

Reference	Description
`git checkout` `dae68e1`	sha1

Example	Description
`git checkout` `HEAD`	reference
`git checkout` `master`	branch
`git checkout` `v1.0.0`	tag
`git checkout` `origin/master`	aka, refs/remotes/origin/master
`git checkout` `heads/master`	aka, refs/heads/master

Example	Description
`git checkout` `master@{yesterday}`	also 1 day ago, etc
`git checkout` `master@{2}`	2nd prior value
`git checkout` `master@{push}`	where master would push to
`git checkout` `master^`	parent commit
`git checkout` `master^2`	2nd parent, eg, what it merged
`git checkout` `master~5`	5 parents back
`git checkout` `master^0`	this commit; disambiguates from tags
`git checkout` `v0.99.8^{tag}`	can be commit, tag, tree, object
`git checkout` `v0.99.8^{}`	defaults to {tag}
`git checkout` `":/fix bug"`	searches commit messages

Example	Description
`HEAD:README`	...
`0:README`	(0 to 3) ...

Example	Description
`git log` `master`	reachable parents from master
`git log` `^master`	exclude reachable parents from master
`git log` `master..fix`	reachable from fix but not master
`git log` `master...fix`	reachable from fix and master, but not both
`git log` `HEAD^@`	parents of HEAD
`git log` `HEAD^!`	HEAD, then excluding parents's ancestors
`git log` `HEAD^{:/fix}`	search previous HEADs matching criteria

A ─┬─ E ── F ── G   master
   │
   └─ B ── C ── D   fix

Example	Description
`git log` `master..fix`	BCD
`git log` `master...fix`	BCD and EFG